User Guide
Searching: Enter relevant search terms in the appropriate search fields to locate the desired clinical trials. For instance, entering “Rhinitis” into the ‘Results’, ‘Research Topic’ or ‘Conclusion’ search area will bring up all clinical trials that are related to Rhinitis. Alternatively, a search can be made by postbiotic ingredient in the ‘Ingredient’ search bar.
Conclusion: All the results listed in the conclusion section are a snapshot of the significant results of each trial. Alternatively, the full results can be selected under ‘columns’ for a more in-depth view of the trial outcome.
Category A – High Quality, Category B – Good Quality, Category C – Low quality
Columns: Use the columns tab below to remove or add clinical trial categories, such as objective, reference, type, etc.
Postbiotic | Research Topic | Rating | References DOI | Objective | Trial Method | Daily Dosage | Study Size & Length | Results | Conclusion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lactobacillus paracasei ET-22 | Halitosis | TBC | https://doi.org/10.1039/d3fo02271d | To assess the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei ET-22 live and heat-killed bacteria on halitosis and the related oral microbiome. | * Randomised control trial
* Age not available (abstract) |
Lactobacillus paracasei ET-22 live and heat-killed bacteria | 68 Patients (4 weeks) | A positive decrease in breath volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels was observed in the means of both live (ET-22.L) and heat killed (ET-22.HK) groups after 4 weeks of intervention, being more marked in the ET-22.L group (p = 0.0148). Moreover, ET-22.L and ET-22.HK intervention remarkably changed the composition of total salivary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aroma-active VOCs. Key undesirable VOCs, such as indole, pyridine, nonanoic acid, benzothiazole, and valeric acid, were significantly reduced. Meanwhile, ET-22.L or ET-22.HK also altered the taxonomic composition of the salivary microbiome. The halitosis pathogens Rothia and Streptococcus were significantly reduced in the ET-22.HK group and the pathogenic Solobacterium and Peptostreptococcus were significantly inhibited in the ET-22.L group. | * Live & Heat killed < Volatile Sulphur compounds
* ↓ Rothia & Streptococcus species |
Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 | Delayed-onset muscle soreness | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214563 | To investigate the protective and restorative effects of live PS23 (L-PS23) and HK-PS23 supplementation for six consecutive weeks on physical performance, muscle damage, and inflammation indicators after exercise induced muscle damage. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Adults 20-40 years |
* Live group 20 billion CFU/day
* Heat killed group 20 billion cells/day (100mg) |
114 Patients (6 weeks) | The results show that both Live-PS23 and Heat Killed-PS23 supplementation significantly slowed the loss of muscle strength after muscle injury, and they significantly reduced the production of markers of muscle damage and inflammation (p < 0.05). In addition, Live-PS23 and Heat Killed-PS23 had the benefits of accelerating the recovery and improvement of muscle strength, the blood markers of muscle injury and inflammation, and slowing the decline in testosterone concentrations (p < 0.05). | * ↓ Loss of muscle strength
* ↓ Muscle damage & inflammation * Slowed decline in testosterone |
Lactobacillus paracasei MCC1849 | Cold symptoms | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153450 | To investigate the effects of MCC1849 on subjective symptoms of physical condition in healthy adults of a wide age range | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study
* Adults 20-74 years |
* 50 billion cells | 200 Patients (24 weeks) | Among the symptoms, the total number of days with stuffy nose and the average durations of stuffy nose and sore throat were significantly lower in the MCC1849 group than the placebo group (p < 0.05). An exploratory evaluation of the cold-like symptoms also showed a significant reduction in their total number of days and in their duration in the MCC1849 group compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). | * ↓ Duration with stuffy nose and sore throat
* ↓ Duration of cold-like symptoms |
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis JCM 5805 (LC-Plasma) | Exercise induced fatigue | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071754 | To evaluate the effect of LC-Plasma on fatigue indices and dendritic cells activity in athletes after 14 days’ continuous exercise load. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Male athletes 18 years and above |
* ≥ 100 Billion cells | 37 Patients (2 weeks) | We observed that CD86 glycoprotein on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) was significantly higher (P=0.015) and that cumulative days of fatigue were significantly fewer (P=0.035) in the LC-Plasma group than in the Placebo group on day 15. After the 2hour ergometer exercise on day 15 to evaluate fatigue, the results showed that autonomic fatigue parameters (LF/HF) were significantly lower in the LC-Plasma group (P=0.009). | * ↑ CD86 Dendritic cells
* ↓ Exercise induced fatigue |
Epidermidibacterium Keratini (EPI-7) | Skin Aging | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054634 | To assess the efficacy against the signs of skin aging with topically applied EPI-7 ferment filtrate over a 3-week period. This study also investigated the influence of EPI-7 ferment filtrate on skin microbiome diversity to access potential beneficial effects and its safety. | * Prospective randomised split-face clinical study
* Women 19-69 years |
* The active ingredient of the test product contained Epidermidibacterium Keratini ferment filtrate, along with 1,2-Hexanediol, Tromethamine, Ethylhexylglycerin, and Carbomer (topical) | 52 Patients (3 weeks) | The application of the EPI-7 ferment filtrate-including test product resulted in significantly higher improvements in barrier function (P<0.001), skin elasticity (P<0.001), and dermal density (P<0.001) compared to the placebo group. EPI-7 ferment filtrate increased the abundance of commensal microbes belonging to Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Lawsonella, Clostridium, Rothia, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella. The abundance of Cutibacterium was significantly increased along with significant changes in Clostridium and Prevotella abundance. | * ↑ Facial skin barrier, elasticty and density
* ↑ Facial skin commensals |
Lactobacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201 | Atopic dermatitis/Eczema | Category A | https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.13269 | To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of tyndallized Lactobacillus rhamnosus (IDCC 3201, isolated from the feces of a Korean breastfed infant, repeated heat-treated and incubated, RHT3201) in children with AD. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Adults 1-12 years |
* 10 Billion CFU | 66 Patients (12 weeks) | The change of SCORAD total score at 12 weeks (primary outcome) from baseline was significantly greater in the RHT3201 group −13.89 ± 10.05, compared to the control group −8.37 ± 9.95 (P=0.283). | * ↓ Eczema SCORAD values |
Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 (HK L-137) | Inflammation/Lipid metabolism | Category A | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-02112-3 | The effects of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 (HK L-137) on inflammation and lipid metabolism were investigated in overweight volunteers. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Adults 20-75 years |
* 10mg (with 4mg dextrin) | 96 Patients (12 weeks) | The percent change of concanavalin A-induced proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC's)was significantly larger in the HK L-137 group than in the control group(P=0.04). The decreases of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase over time were significantly larger in the HK L-137 group than in the control group (P<0.01 & P=0.01), as were the decreases of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the leukocyte count at one time point (P<0.05). These effects of HK L-137 were stronger in the subjects with higher C-reactive protein levels. | * ↑ Proliferation of PBMC's
* ↓ ALT & AST * ↓ Total cholesterol & LDL |
Pediococcus acidilactici K15 | Upper respiratory tract infection | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12071989 | To evaluate the effects of a probiotic strain of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Pediococcus acidilactici K15, on viral respiratory tract infections in preschool children. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Children 3-6 years |
50 Billion cells | 172 Patients (4 months) | Analyses in children with little intake of fermented foods including LAB showed that the duration of a fever significantly decreased by K15 intake (P=0.042). The salivary sIgA level in the K15 group was maintained significantly higher than it was in the placebo group (P=0.044).The effects of K15 on preventing viral respiratory tract infections were not observed without the restriction of fermented foods intake | * ↓ Duration of days with fever
* Maintained higher Salivery sIgA levels * No effect on preventing viral infections |
Lactobacillus plantarum YIT 0132 (LP0132) | Perennial allergic rhinitis | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3920/bm2016.0003 | To examine whether citrus juice fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum YIT 0132 (LP0132), which was pasteurised after fermentation, could alleviate the symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. | * Double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial
* Adolescent/Adult 16-65 years |
60 billion cells/100ml | 34 Patients (8 weeks) | Compared with the placebo group, the LP0132 group showed a significant reduction in the nasal symptom score and stuffy nose score during the intervention period (P<0.05. Also, the LP0132 group, but not the placebo group, showed significant attenuation of type 2 helper T cells (P<0.01), serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) (P<0.05), and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) (P<0.05), and showed significant augmentation of type 1 helper T cells (Th1 cells)/Th2 cells (P<0.05) at 8 weeks of intervention compared with baseline. | * ↓ Nasal symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis
* ↓ Th2 cells * Balanced Th1/Th2 ratio * ↓ Eosinophil cationic protein * ↓ Serum IgE |
Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803 (SBL88™) | Insomnia | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3920/BM2015.0118 | To evaluate the effect of consumption of heat-killed SBC8803 on sleep architecture in humans | * Non-randomised, placebo-controlled, double blind, and crossover pilot study
* Adults 40-69 years |
25mg | 17 Patients (10 days) | The sleep journals revealed an improvement in 'waking' for the SBC8803 consumption periods (P=0.047), and there was a marginally significant effect on 'drowsiness during the following day' (P=0.067). Effects on the Electroencephalograms delta power value were revealed by a stratified analysis based on age, AIS, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Specifically, effects were found among subjects in their 40s who consumed the SBC8803 capsules (P=0.049) and among subjects with a BDI score less than the all-subjects average (13.3) (P=0.045). A marginally significant effect was found among subjects with an AIS score less than the all-subjects average (11.6) (P=0.065). The delta power value of 5 subjects with both BDI and AIS scores less than the average increased significantly (P=0.017). | * Improved waking periods
* Improved insomnia symptoms in patients in their forties and patients with low BDI scores |
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-653 | Scalp health/Dandruff | Category C | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02870-5 | To examine the beneficial effects of heat-killed probiotics consisting of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, GMNL-653, on scalp health | * Open-label clinical observation trial * Adults 30-45 years | 10 billion CFU/ml (Applied as a shampoo) | 22 Patients (5 months) | A decrease in dandruff at 1.5months (P<0.05) and oil secretion (P<0.05) and an increase in hair growth at 5months (P<0.05) in the human scalp were observed after the use of heat-killed GMNL-653-containing shampoo. The increased abundance of M. globosa (P<0.05)and the decreased abundance of M. restricta and C. acnes (P<0.05) were also observed. C. acnes and S. epidermidis abundances were statistically positively correlated with sebum secretion and dandruff, respectively, in our shampoo clinical trial. | * ↓ Scalp dandruff
* ↓Oil sebum scalp secretion * ↑Malassezia globosa on scalp * ↓ Cutibacterium acnes on scalp |
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 | Exercise performance | Category B | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15835 | To investigate the effects of TWK10 on exercise performance, muscle strength, and body composition in a placebo‐controlled, double‐blinded clinical trial. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Adults 20-40 years |
15 billion cells | 30 Males (6 weeks) | Ater 6‐week administration, the exercise endurance time in the TWK10‐HK was significantly increased (P=0.0028) compared with that in the Control group. The grip strength on the right and left hands of the subjects was significantly increased (P=0.0002 and P=0.0140, respectively) in the TWK10‐HK compared with that in the Control group. Administration of heat‐killed TWK10 resulted in a significant increase (P=0.0275) in muscle weight. After 6‐week administration, serum lactate, and ammonia levels were significantly lower in the TWK10‐HK group than in the Control group during the exercise and recovery periods. | * ↑ Exercise endurance
* ↑ Grip strength * ↑ Muscle weight * ↓ Serum lactate and ammonia |
Lactobacillus paracasi LP33 | Perennial Allergic Rhinitis | Category C | https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2005.00284.x | To evaluate the efficacy of heat-killed LP33 in the treatment of allergic rhinitis induced by house-dust-mite in human subjects. | * Randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial
* Children 5 years + |
5 billion CFU | 90 Patients (30days) | The overall quality-of-life score decreased for groups A and B compared with the placebo group in terms of both frequency (9.47 ± 2.89, 6.30 ± 2.19, and −3.47 ± 1.53, respectively; P < .0001) and level of bother (5.91 ± 3.21, 6.04 ± 2.44, and −2.80 ± 1.64, respectively; P = .004) after the 30-day treatment. | * ↓ Frequency and severity of perennial allergic rhinitis |
Lactobacillus johnsonii LJ88 | Gastroesophageal Reflux | Category A | https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fnu16081230 | To examine the effects of ingesting a heat-killed lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus johnsonii No. 1088 (LJ88) on temporal gastroesophageal reflux-related symptoms in healthy volunteers | * Randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial
* Adults 21-63 years |
1 billion CFU | 107 patients (6 weeks) | In the questionnaire; Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (FSSG), the heartburn score was significantly improved at 6 weeks in the LJ88 group compared to the placebo group (P<0.001). | * ↓ Temporal heartburn symptoms |
Bifidobacterium Breve BB091109 (cell wall) | Inflammation/Endocrine function | Category B | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1273861 | To evaluate the potential of a mixture of exopolysaccharides from B. breve BB091109 on markers of chronic systemic inflammation, during and following a 3-month supplementation period. | * Single-center, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled and parallel study design
* Females 40-55 years |
500 mg of a β-glucans mixture extracted from Bifidobacterium breve BB091109 (NCIMB43992). | 40 Patients (12 weeks) | The results revealed a significant effect after 12 weeks of supplementation with B. breve postbiotic extract reduced CRP (P<0.001), IL-6 levels (P=0.017), Increased DHEA (P<0.05), estriol (P=0.004) and estradiol (P=0.003) | * ↓ CRP and Il-6 inflammatory markers
* ↑ DHEA. Estriol & Estradiol |
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ProSci-92 &
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ProSci-109 |
Bacterial vaginitis/BV | Category C | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1114364 | To evaluate the affect of a topical postbiotic gel on ameliorating bacterial vaginitis in women in a hospital setting. | *Open-label trial
Females 18-55 years |
Postbiotic 1 Million CFU/ml each strain | 42 Patients (7 days) | Results showed that apply the postbiotic gel improved the symptoms of BV, indicated by improvement in the abnormalities of patients’ vaginal secretions. After applying the gel, the relative abundance of vaginal lactobacilli increased compared to baseline. Significant negative correlations were found between lactobacilli and potential vaginal pathogens (including Gardnerella, Prevotella, and Atopobium) <P<0.005), as well as the abnormalities of the vaginal secretion | * ↑ Vaginal Lactobacilli
* ↓ Vaginal pathogens * ↓ Abnormal vaginal secretions |
Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-033 PCC | Eczema/Atopic dermatitis | Category A | doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00939.x | To determine the clinical effects of Lactobacillus fermentum supplementation in 6–18 month old children with moderate or severe AD. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* children age 6-18 years |
Heat-killed Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-033 PCC, 0.1 billion CFU, bid | 53 Children (8 weeks) | The reduction in the Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index over time was significant in the probiotic group (p = 0.03) but not the placebo group. Significantly more children receiving probiotics (n = 24, 92%) had a SCORAD index that was better than baseline at week 16 compared with the placebo group (n = 17, 63%) (p = 0.01). At the completion of the study more children in the probiotic group had mild AD (n = 14, 54%) compared to the placebo group (n = 8, 30%). There was an improvement in the quality of life score over time in both groups. Significantly less children in the probiotic group had lower respiratory tract infections as reported by parents, compared to the placebo group (p=0.04). | *↓ Severity of atopic dermatitis
* ↑ Quality of life |
Lactobacillus paracasei GM-080 | Eczema/Atopic dermatitis | Category A | DOI: 10.1159/000499436 | To evaluate the efficacy of the consumption of the heat-inactivated probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei (strain GM-080) for the adjuvant treatment of AD in infants. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Infants 4-30 months |
Heat-treated L. paracasei GM-080 (1× 1,010 equivalent CFU) | 102 Patients (16 weeks) | The Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), objective SCORAD, itching, and IDQOL decreased significantly (p < 0.001) over the treatment period in both groups. Slight decreases (ns) were noted in TEWL in lesional and unaffected skin and CCL17 levels. Total IgE increased over the treatment period in both groups, with significantly higher increase in the heat-treated probiotic group (p = 0.038). There was no evidence of a corticoid “sparing effect” by the probiotic. | *↓ Severity of atopic dermatitis
* ↑ Quality of life * ↑ Total IgE |
Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Eczema/Atopic dermatitis | Category A | https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.2019.9.e18 | To examine additional effects of two different dose of paraprobiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 (L-92) on the clinical treatment in young children afflicted by AD with diagnosed or suspected FA. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Children 10-36 months |
Heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 dry powder 20mg containing 2 billion cells | 45 Patients (24 weeks) | The significant decreases in the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index at visit 4 from baseline were 8.1 ± 18.5 in the treatment group (p = 0.040), as no significant difference in placebo group. At visit 3, the median SCORAD value showed a significant between-group difference (p<0.05). Both groups showed a tendency towards improvement in IDQOL scores. A significant decrease was observed in Enterobacteriacea in the treatment group. | *↓ Severity of atopic dermatitis
* ↑ Quality of life * ↓ Faecal cell counts of Enterobacteriacea |
Lactobacillus paracasei K71 | Eczema/Atopic dermatitis | Category B | doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00939.x | To investigate whether the supplementation with the LAB diet or placebo can affect the clinical course of adult type AD patients who are managed with the conventional treatment. | * Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
* Patients 20-65 years |
100 mg (200 billion CFU bacteria) of heat-killed L. paracasei K71 | 34 Patients | Within the study population, the skin severity scores were significantly decreased from baseline at week 8 (P < 0.05) and at week 12 (P < 0.01) in the LAB diet group but not in the placebo group. Influence of LAB diet on itch scores or QOL impairment scores was not evident. The consumption of topical therapeutics in the placebo group was 1.9-times greater in total amount compared with the corresponding value in the LAB diet group during the intervention period, although there was no significant difference. | *↓Skin severity scores |
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 | Obesity | Category A | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-018-0220-0 | To assess the effect of live or heat-killed Ba8145 ingestion on anthropometric adiposity biomarkers. | * Randomised, double-blind, three arms, placebo-controlled study
* Patients 18-30 years |
100 mg Ba8145 live strain or heat-killed Ba8145 (h-k Ba8145) 1 billion CFU | 126 Patients (3 months) | Both Ba8145 treatments decreased visceral fat area (VFA), but significance was achieved only in the case of h-k Ba8145 (P < 0.05). Ba8145 ingestion decreased waist circumference, waist circumference/height ratio, and Conicity index (P < 0.05) versus its baseline. Changes versus the placebo group reached significance (P < 0.05) after the h-k Ba8145 treatment. Both ba8145 treatment decreased the body mass index compared with baseline and placebo group (P < 0.05). Gut microbiome analyses showed an increase in Akkermansia spp. after Ba8145 treatment, particularly in the live form, which was inversely related to weight (P = 0.003) | *↓Abdominal visceral fat area
* ↓ BMI and waist circumference * ↑Faecal Akkermansia spp. |